| 產品編號 | bsm-33033R |
| 英文名稱 | GAPDH Recombinant Rabbit mAb, Loading Control |
| 中文名稱 | 3-磷酸甘油醛脫氫酶（內參）重組兔單抗 |
| 別 名 | 38 kDa BFA-dependent ADP-ribosylation substrate; Aging-associated gene 9 protein; BARS-38; cb609; EC 1.2.1.12; G3PD; G3PDH; GAPD; Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase;Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase liver;Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogen |
| 產品類型 | 內參抗體 |
| 抗體來源 | Rabbit |
| 克隆類型 | Recombinant |
| 克 隆 號 | 1H14 |
| 交叉反應 | Human,Mouse,Rat (predicted: Rabbit,Pig,Chicken,Dog,Hamster,Monkey) |
| 產品應用 | WB=1:5000-100000
not yet tested in other applications. optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user. |
| 理論分子量 | 38 kDa |
| 檢測分子量 | |
| 細胞定位 | 細胞核 |
| 性 狀 | Liquid |
| 濃 度 | 1mg/ml |
| 免 疫 原 | Recombinded Human GAPDH |
| 亞 型 | IgG |
| 純化方法 | affinity purified by Protein A |
| 緩 沖 液 | 0.01M TBS (pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.02% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol. |
| 保存條件 | Shipped at 4℃. Store at -20℃ for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. |
| 注意事項 | This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. |
| PubMed | PubMed |
| 產品介紹 |
Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is well known as one of the key enzymes involved in glycolysis. As well as functioning as a glycolytic enzyme in cytoplasm, recent evidence suggests that mammalian GAPDH is also involved in a great number of intracellular proceses such as membrane fusion, microtubule bundling, phosphotransferase activity, nuclear RNA export, DNA replication, and DNA repair. During the last decade a lot of data appeared concerning the role of GAPDH in different pathologies including prostate cancer progression, programmed neuronal cell death, age related neuronal diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. GAPDH is expressed in all cells. It is constitutively expressed in almost all tissues at high levels. There are however some physiological factors such as hypoxia and diabetes that increase GAPDH expression in certain cell types. GAPDH molecule is composed of four 36kDa subunits.
Function: Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively (PubMed:3170585, PubMed:11724794). Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate (PubMed:3170585, PubMed:11724794). Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubules (By similarity). Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes (PubMed:23071094). Upon interferon-gamma treatment assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation (PubMed:23071094). Also plays a role in innate immunity by promoting TNF-induced NF-kappa-B activation and type I interferon production, via interaction with TRAF2 and TRAF3, respectively (PubMed:23332158, PubMed:27387501). Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis (By similarity). Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC (By similarity). Subunit: Homotetramer (PubMed:16239728, PubMed:16510976). Interacts with TPPP; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts (when S-nitrosylated) with SIAH1; leading to nuclear translocation (By similarity). Interacts with RILPL1/GOSPEL, leading to prevent the interaction between GAPDH and SIAH1 and prevent nuclear translocation (By similarity). Interacts with CHP1; the interaction increases the binding of CHP1 with microtubules (By similarity). Associates with microtubules (By similarity). Interacts with EIF1AD, USP25, PRKCI and WARS1 (PubMed:11724794, PubMed:16501887, PubMed:15628863, PubMed:20644585). Interacts with phosphorylated RPL13A; inhibited by oxidatively-modified low-densitity lipoprotein (LDL(ox)) (PubMed:22771119). Component of the GAIT complex (PubMed:15479637). Interacts with FKBP6; leading to inhibit GAPDH catalytic activity (PubMed:19001379). Interacts with TRAF2, promoting TRAF2 ubiquitination (PubMed:23332158). Interacts with TRAF3, promoting TRAF3 ubiquitination (PubMed:27387501). Subcellular Location: Cytoplasm, cytosol. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Membrane. Note=Translocates to the nucleus following S-nitrosylation and interaction with SIAH1, which contains a nuclear localization signal. Postnuclear and Perinuclear regions. Post-translational modifications: #Acetylation Similarity: Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family. SWISS: P04406 Gene ID: 2597 Database links: Entrez Gene : 317743 Zebrafish GAPDH蛋白幾乎在所有組織中都高水平表達，廣泛用作Western blot蛋白質標準化的內參,是很好的內參抗體。 GAPDH 作為管家基因在同種細胞或者組織中的蛋白質表達量一般是恒定的。在實驗中，可能存在總蛋白濃度測定不準確；或者蛋白質樣品在電泳前上樣時產生的樣品間的操作誤差；這些誤差需要通過測定每個樣品中實際轉到膜上的GAPDH的含量來進行校正，所以一般的western實驗都需要進行內參設置。具體校正的方法就是將每個樣品測得的目的蛋白含量與本樣品的GAPDH含量相除，得到每個樣品目的蛋白的相對含量。然后才進行樣品與樣品之間的比較。 甘油醛-3-磷酸脫氫酶（Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase，GAPDH）是糖酵解（glycolysis）過程中的關鍵酶。除了在胞質中作為糖酵解的酶以外，有證據表明哺乳動物細胞中的GAPDH參與了多種胞內生化過程，包括膜融合（membrane fusion）、微管成束（microtubule bundling）、磷酸轉移酶（phosphotransferase）激活、核內RNA出核、DNA復制與DNA修復。一些生理因素，諸如低氧（hypoxia）和尿糖（diabetes），可以增加GAPDH在特定細胞中的表達。GAPDH存在于幾乎所有的組織中，以高水平持續表達。 GAPDH（甘油醛-3-磷酸脫氫酶）是參與糖酵解的一種關鍵酶，由4個30－40kDa的亞基組成. |
| 產品圖片 |
25 ug total protein per lane of various lysates (see on figure) probed with GAPDH monoclonal antibody, unconjugated (bsm-33033R) at 1:10000 dilution and 4°C overnight incubation. Followed by conjugated secondary antibody incubation at r.t. for 60 min.
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| 1、抗體溶解方法 | |
| 2、抗體修復方式 | |
| 3、常用試劑的配制 | |
| 4、免疫組化操作步驟 | |
| 5、免疫組化問題解答 | |
| 6、Western Blotting 操作步驟 | |
| 7、Western Blotting 問題解答 | |
| 8、關于肽鏈的設計 | |
| 9、多肽的溶解與保存 | |
| 10、酶標抗體效價測定程序 | |
